בס”ד
What Does the Word “Selah” Mean in the Bible?
The word “Selah” is a mysterious and intriguing term in the Bible, especially in the Psalms (71 times) and in the book of Habakkuk (3 times). For example:
| 3 Many there are that say of my soul: ‘There is no salvation for him in G-d.’ Selah | ג רַבִּים, אֹמְרִים לְנַפְשִׁי: אֵין יְשׁוּעָתָה לּוֹ בֵאלֹקים סֶלָה. |
| 3 G-d cometh from Teman, and the Holy One from mount Paran. Selah His glory covereth the heavens, and the earth is full of His praise. | ג אֱלוֹק מִתֵּימָן יָבוֹא, וְקָדוֹשׁ מֵהַר-פָּארָן סֶלָה; כִּסָּה שָׁמַיִם הוֹדוֹ, וּתְהִלָּתוֹ מָלְאָה הָאָרֶץ. |
The exact meaning of the word remains uncertain, but various scholars have offered interesting theories about what it could mean. From a musical notation to a symbol of eternity, the meaning of “Selah” is multifaceted and profound.
Musical and Liturgical Functions of “Selah”
Many biblical commentators see “Selah” as a musical notation indicating a pause, often after an important verse or section of text. Rabbi David Kimhi (the Radak), for example, suggested that “Selah” was a musical marker, signifying a moment to raise the sound of the music or vocals. He interprets “Selah” as meaning “lifting up” (of the musical accompaniment), drawing from the passage “cast up, cast up (סלו) the way” (Isaiah 62:10). According to the Radak, this indicates that when the word “Selah” appears, the sound of the music is to be intensified, emphasizing the spiritual importance of the moment.
“Selah” as “For Ever”
The majority of commentators interpret the word “Selah” as equivalent to “for ever” (לעולם). This interpretation highlights the eternal nature of G-d’s actions, reminding us of His everlasting reign. Jonathan1 renders it as “for ever” in the Prayer of Habakkuk (3:3, 9, 13), reinforcing the idea of eternity. The Talmud (Eruvin 54a) supports this view, stating that wherever “Selah” appears, it indicates something that will last forever. In this passage, the Talmud explains that “Selah” is synonymous with “for ever” and emphasizes that its presence in the Psalms signifies a concept that will endure eternally.
The Talmud illustrates this by referencing a verse in Psalms (48:9), where it says, “As we have heard, so have we seen in the city of the Lord of Hosts, in the city of our God; may God establish it forever, Selah.” Here, “Selah” reinforces the idea that God’s work and presence are eternal, lasting beyond the passage of time. This understanding links the word “Selah” to the enduring and unchanging nature of God’s will.
“Selah” as “Truth”
In contrast, Rabbi Abraham ben Ezra offers a different interpretation, suggesting that “Selah” represents “truth” (אמת). For him, “Selah” serves as a marker for the absolute truth of what is being expressed in the text. This interpretation suggests that “Selah” calls attention to the deep, unalterable truth of God’s words and promises.
“Selah” as a Moment of Silence or Transition
Some commentators, such as Malbim Beur Hamilot, suggest that “Selah” marks a transition between two distinct thoughts or themes. It could indicate that the subject of the verse has concluded, and a new subject is about to begin. This creates a moment of pause or silence, allowing the reader or listener to reflect on the meaning of the preceding words. It may also serve as a signal that a verse contains a parenthetical phrase, as noted in the explanation of Psalms.
This interpretation highlights the function of “Selah” as a moment of reflection or a signal to pause and absorb the spiritual significance of the text before continuing.
Selah in the Spiritual Practice
I believe that the word “Selah” is not only relevant for biblical scholars but also for us as readers and believers. The word calls us to incorporate moments of silence and reflection into our own lives. “Selah” reminds us that there are times when silence, reflection, and raising our spirits above the daily hustle and bustle are essential to experiencing G-d’s presence.
Conclusion
The meaning of “Selah” remains an intriguing mystery, but the word has a deep and multifaceted significance that challenges us to embrace the pauses in life. Whether it is a musical notation, an expression of eternity, or a call for reflection, “Selah” invites us to pause and reflect on the bigger picture, the eternal nature of G-d’s actions, and the power of moments of silence and worship. It remains a valuable and inspiring symbol in the Bible, reminding us of the power of reflection and praise in our daily lives.
By Angelique Sijbolts
With thanks to Rabbi Tuvia Serber for his feedback.
Sources:
Sefaria klein dictionary
Jewish Encyclopedia
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